J2轨道模型对月地激光通信预瞄准精度影响研究

基于J_2轨道预测模型,设计了不同倾角和轨道高度圆轨道月球卫星,通过将J_2轨道预测模型预瞄准仿真结果与直接积分RKF7(8)法仿真结果相对比,研究了不同类型月球卫星轨道对-Y面卫星舱板激光通信终端瞄准精度的影响。仿真结果表明,J_2轨道预测模型可以满足月球极地卫星月地激光通信要求,当轨道高度为1 000 km和2 000 km的时候,10 min方位角偏差不超过40μrad,而俯仰角偏差仅为7μrad时,在一定程度上J2轨道预测模型可以满足月地激光通信预瞄准要求。     

无缓凝剂磷酸镁修补砂浆的力学性能实验研究

磷酸镁水泥(Magnesium phosphate cement,MPC)是一种快速修补型胶凝材料,具备快硬、早强、高强、粘结力强、耐久性好等优点。首先运用正交试验方法,通过控制胶砂比、氧化镁与磷酸二氢盐的物质的量比(M/P)和水胶比,确定了基准MPC修补砂浆的最优配合比。然后研究了粉煤灰和磨细矿渣对MPC修补砂浆抗压强度和抗折强度的影响,分析了其强度特征。结果表明,MPC修补砂浆的最佳M/P比为6∶1,胶砂比1∶1。掺加粉煤灰的MPC修补砂浆具有较高的强度尤其是抗折强度,适宜作为道路与机场道面的快速修补材料。掺加磨细矿渣的MPC修补砂浆,其力学性能不如掺加粉煤灰的MPC修补砂浆。此外,MPC修补砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度之间具有密切的线性相关关系,且与养护龄期、原材料来源与烧结温度、是否掺加缓凝剂和矿物掺合料、M/P比和水胶比等因素无关。     

改善横向波纹隔热屏综合冷却效率的发散冷却结构优化

为改善横向波纹隔热屏综合冷却效果，采用三维数值模拟和基于支持向量机的代理优化模型，在给定的单位面积冷却空气流量下对发散冷却结构参数进行了优化研究。设计变量选取为气膜孔直径、气膜孔排布的展向间距和流向间距，以面积平均综合冷却效率作为目标函数，通过遗传算法搜索获得了设计变量区间内的优化设计点。在隔热屏单位表面积冷却空气流量G_f = 2.647 kg/（m²?s）的工况下，优化后的d、P和S分别为0.8、4和5 mm。研究结果表明，优化的隔热屏冷却结构应具有较小的气膜孔直径d和展向间距P，以及适中的流向间距S。相对于参考结构，优化后的发散冷却结构能够改善沿流向的气膜覆盖，缩减发散冷却起始段局部高温段，起到增强隔热屏发散冷却综合冷却效率的作用。     

某型发动机滑油压力调节异常故障原因分析

针对某型发动机地面试车时出现的滑油压力调节异常故障,分析了主滑油泵调压原理,建立主滑油泵滑油压力调节异常故障树,结合故障检查情况进行排查,确定了故障是由于弹簧垫盘和调压活门端面间隙小造成的,并在进行故障排除及装机验证之后,制定了有针对性的修理控制措施.     

飞秒激光系统图像调焦装置以及方法

飞秒激光直写技术在复杂三维微结构加工领域具有显著优势，而调焦是否精准直接影响了所加工结构的完整度.提出了在光路中临时置入调焦光源和物的图像调焦技术，通过调节物的位置使其成像面与激光聚焦面一致，从而通过清晰可分辨的成像状态间接反映激光聚焦状态.利用Zemax软件模拟分析了原飞秒激光光路与加入调焦光源和物的调焦光路，二者可实现相同加工物镜后工作距离与良好成像质量，证明了该方法的可行性.通过分析得到该过程的成像误差主要由成像镜头焦深(3.9 μm)引起，我们获得的理想调焦精度可达到1/2焦深以内.设计了单层高度为5 μm的二层圆柱结构，通过多次实验验证了所加工元件高度误差在1.5 μm范围以内，与理论分析一致，满足飞秒激光系统的调焦要求.     

Assessment on critical technologies for conceptual design of blended-wing-body civil aircraft

Civil aviation faces great challenges because of its robust projected future growth and potential adverse environmental effects. The classical Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration following the Cayley's design principles has been optimized to the architecture's limit, which can hardly satisfy the further requirements on green aviation. By past decades' investigations the BlendedWing-Body(BWB) concept has emerged as a potential solution, which can simultaneously fulfill metrics of noise, emission and fuel burn. The purpose of the present work is to analyze the developments of critical technologies for BWB conceptual design from a historical perspective of technology progress. It was found that the high aerodynamic efficiency of BWB aircraft can be well scaled by the mean aerodynamic chord and wetted aspect ratio, and should be realized with the trade-offs among stability and control and low-speed performance. The structure concepts of non-cylinder pressurized cabin are of high risks on weight prediction and weight penalty. A static stability criterion is recommended and further clear and adequate criteria are required by the evaluations of flying and handling qualities. The difficulties of propulsion and airframe integration are analyzed. The energy to revenue work ratios of well-developed BWB configurations are compared,which are 31.5% and 40% better than that of TAW, using state-of-art engine technology and future engine technology, respectively. Finally, further study aspects are advocated.     

Dimensional Variation Modeling of Aircraft Compliant Part Assembly Considering Clamping Force Change

Compliant parts are widely applied to aircraft structures. Due to the ease of deformation of compliant parts in assembly,the prediction of assembly variation is especially important for assembly quality control. A dimensional variation model considering the clamping force change in assembly is proposed based on the method of influence coefficient(MIC). First,the assembly process is decomposed into several steps including positioning,clamping,joining,and spring-back. Then,the force-displacement relationship is formulated according to the varied force conditions on the parts in each assembly step. Finally,two examples are illustrated to validate the proposed assembly variation model. The results show the impact of clamping force change is significant on the assembly variation,and the proposed model can predict the assembly variation more accurately than the referred method without clamping force correction at the over-constrained locating points of fixture.     

空间核反应堆电源研究进展

随着航空航天领域对能源需求的不断扩大,核能的空间应用迎来了新的发展高潮。本文针对空间核反应堆技术的发展现状进行综述,重点关注了空间核反应堆与静态能量转换、动态能量转换技术结合供电的研究进展,总结分析了空间核反应堆电源技术的发展特点,并指出未来发展中需要重点关注的内容,为未来空间核反应堆电源的发展提供指导。     

翼身融合布局低速验证机前缘缝翼设计

翼身融合布局是未来民机最有可能实现的非常规布局形式，其气动布局方案的验证通常采用缩比模型飞行试验的方式进行。以某翼身融合布局低速验证机为研究对象，以数值计算方法为基础，分析了其在飞行试验中存在的纵向和横向不稳定现象，提出了改善的方案——增加前缘缝翼。对此验证机进行前缘缝翼的气动布局设计、典型翼型的二维前缘缝翼设计和机翼三维前缘缝翼的气动设计，利用数值计算方法对设计结果进行纵向和横向分析。结果显示，所设计的前缘缝翼可以明显地增大验证机的失速迎角，改善其纵向力矩特性和横向特性。